Manufacture and use of wetting preparations



Patented Dec. 28, 1937 UNITED" STATES MANUFACTURE AND USE OF WETTING PREPARATIONS Heinrich Lier, Basel, Switzerland, assignor to the firm of Chemical Works, formerly Sandoz,

Basel, Switzerland No Drawing. Application August 20, 1935, Se-

rial No. 37,101.

4 Claims.

ton fibres very rapidly and to obtain a very high -lustre in a single treatment.

In order to obtain the wetting preparations, raw .or purified naphthenic acids obtainable from naphtha of any origin by the usual purification processes or any other treatment or fractions of such naphthenic acids are mixed with saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbons of the aliphatic, alicyclio, araliphatic or aromatic series, containingat least six carbon atoms in their molecule. These hydrocarbons may be partially or totally replaced by water-insoluble ethers or water-insoluble monoor polyhalogenated hydrocarbons or halogenated ethers, all of them containing at least six carbon atoms. Suitable compounds are for instance petroleum hydrocarbons, benzine fractions, common petroleum, paraffin-oil, gasoil, naphthenic hydrocarbons, oil of turpentine, dipentene, eucalyptus oil, oil of camphor, completely or partly hydrogenated aromatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons of the benzene,.,

naphthalene and anthracene series, halogensubstituted hydrocarbons (halogenated paraflin-oil, the productsresulting from the action of chlorine or bromine upon oleflnes, monoor polyhalogenated benzene and their homologues). Suitableethers are for instance diisoamylether, ethers of phenols without free hydroxyl groups, ethers of halogenated phenols.

- Phenols which are needed to render the preparations completely soluble especially in strong lyes are phenol and its homologues for instance cresols, particularly metaand para-cresol, mixtures of cresols, xylenols, mixtures of cresols and xylenols, ethylphenols, carvacrol, phenols, obtainable in the refining of charcoal tars, phenols, of low temperature tar or fractions therefrom, synthetic derivatives of phenols for instance sulphurated phenols, gua'iacol, monoalkylethers of resorcine, naphthols; halogen substitutedproducts of phenols as for instance para-chlorophenol, technical mixtures of mono-chlorinated In Switzerland August 24,

To a mercerizing lye of 30 B. are added 0.5 parts (by volume) of a mixture, consisting of '75 parts of a fraction of naphthenic acids (acid value=361), boiling between and C. un-

der a pressure of 15 mm. and 25 parts of a technical mixture of petroleum hydrocarbons, boiling from 210290 C. After good stirring the lye becomes completely clear and possesses an extraordinary high wetting power for raw cellulosic fibres or raw sized cotton fabrics.

Raw cotton pearl yarn (Maco 3/2) shrinks in 15 seconds 22 per cent of its origin length, whereas in presence of 0.5 parts (by volume) of the same naphthenic acid fraction and no petroleum hydrocarbon the shrinkage is only 1.6 per cent and this lye is troubled by separations of the insoluble alkali salt of the naphthenic acid.

Compared with commercial wetting agents for mercerizing purposes a contraction of 22 per cent in 15 seconds results only by adding 1.5 parts (by volume) of them.

The wetting-out capacity of the lye containing the new composition of matter remains unchanged a very long time, even if the lye has been kept uncovered. V

In this mixture the petroleum hydrocarbon can be replaced by cymene, camphor-oils, hydrogenated naphthalenes as for instance tetraor decahydronaphthalene, oil of turpentine, o-ethylated phenols from low temperature tar monochlorobenzene, chlorinated paraffin-oil or the like.

Example 2 To mercerizing lyes of 33-35 B. are added 0.5 parts (by volume) of a fraction of technical naphthenic acid (acid' value=400), boiling from 120-125 C. under a pressure of 14 mm. After good stirring, the lyes remain troubled and possess only a small wetting-out action. If '7 parts of the said fraction of naphthenic acid are mixed with 3 parts of cymene and 0.5 parts by volume of the mixture is added to the lyes, they become completely clear and show a much higher wetting-out action. Em mp1 6 3 A mercerlzing lye of 25 B. which contains 0.8

e) of mixture enic acid (acid v A mixture, containing 46 parts of a North- American petroleum naphthenic acid (acid value=306), boiling between Mil-160 under a pressure of i l mm, t parts of technical. cahydronaphthalene and 46 parts of a technical xylenol mixture is clearly soluble in a mercenaing lye of 30 Be.

The shrinkage of a raw cotton pearl yarn. (Maco 3/2) in a lye of 30 B., containing 1 per cent by volume of this mixture in only 30 seconds is 26 per cent of the origin length. A similar action and solubility results if the decahydronaphthalene is'replaced by monochlorobenzene, technical cymene, anisol, cliisoamylether or the like.

Example 5 4 parts by volume of a technical xylenol mix ture are mixed with 3.7 parts of the petroleum hydrocarbon mentioned in Example 1 and 13.3 parts of commercial naphthenic acid.

8 parts of the mixture are introduced into 1000 parts of caustic soda solution of 28 B. in such a manner that at first only a small quantity of the lye is stirred with the mixture. The resulting solution is then mixed together with the remaining part of the lye.

The wetting action of the clear solution thus obtained is so great, that rawdry cotton fabrics as for instance raw sized Popeline tissues are completely impregnated in a few seconds and shrink very rapidly. The thus obtained tissue is uniformly mercerized and possesses a very high lustre.

Example 6 Example 7 5 parts by volume of low temperature tar phenols, boiling from 200-290 C., are mixed with 3.4 parts of the petroleum fraction used in Example 1 and 11.6 parts of the technical naphthenic acid used in Example 5.

A mercerizing lye of 28 B. which contains 0.75 parts by volume of this composition is com- Emmgele 8 cent by volume of a mixture technical stylencls, 17.5 parts to -Ach'onaphthalene e. 50 parts of the i enic acid mentioned in the foregoing added to a mercerizing Eye of 23 B. action this lye is -uch higher than that lye of 28 B. containing 1.0 per cent by vol... the mixture of 9% parts of technical. Xyie parts tetrahydronaphthalene and p naphthenic acid, described'in l ample 1c of; patent specification No. 1,998,550. l5

Shrinking tests show that in the contraction of raw dry cotton pearl 3/2) amounts after 15 seconds to 21.4 of the origin length, compared to 7. 2 per in the other lye.

Both lyes contain the same substances, hut not in the same proportions; the new mixture, taining much more of: the hydrocarbon and l es of the xylenols, possesses more than the dot; is activity of the lye according to U. S. A. Patent No. 1,998,550.

Exampie 9 A caustic potash solution of 30 containing 0.5 per cent by volume of a mixture of p parts of technical tar xylenols, 8 parts of cymene and 46 parts of American naphthenic acid mentioned in Example 4 is clear and possesses a high wetting-out action.

The shrinkage of a raw dry cotton pearl yarn (Mace 3/2) in 15 seconds is 20.8 per cent of the origin length.

What I claim is:--

1. The alkaline mercerizing solutions possessing high wetting action and containing a mix ture consisting of 95-50 per. cent of naphthenic acids and of 5-50 per cent of organic compounds with at least six carbon atoms selected from the class consisting of saturated and unsaturated aliphatlc, allcycllc, arallphatlc and aromatic hydrocarbons and their water-insoluble ethers and their non-phenolic halogenated derivatives.

2. The alkaline mercerizing solutions possessme high wetting action and containing a mixture consisting of per cent of naphthenic acids with acid number 361 and 25 per cent of a technical mixture of petroleum hydrocarbons boiling between 210 and 290 C.

3. The alkaline mercerlzlng solutions possessing high wetting action containing a mixture 55 consisting of per cent of naphthenlc acids and of 20 per cent of monochlorobenzene.

4. The alkaline mercerlzlng solutions possessing high wetting action and containing a mixture consisting of 70 per cent of naphthenic acids (m and of 30 per cent of cymene.

HEINRICH LIER. 

